Aquilegia vulgaris
European Columbine
Europe

Branching perennial of woodlots
 
Distinguished from other species by purple flowers and hooked spurs.
 
 
Serpentine and blotch leaf miners often disfigure the leaves of columbine with their mines. Hand-picking or spraying with insecticides when the mines are first seen holds them in check. Columbine aphid and the caterpillars of a skipper butterfly are occasional pests.
 
 
 
 

 

 
Copyright© 2000 -